Phones with Internal Q3 coprocessor

A dedicated imaging co-processor is a second chip placed beside the phone's main chip that does nothing but photo and video processing: noise reduction, night-mode merging, the depth computation for portrait mode.

The gain lies in two places: because this work does not occupy the main chip, the wait between shots shrinks, and the maker can build its own reading of an image without being tied to what a general-purpose chip can do. How a photo "looks" is largely decided here.